Aging

Some organs in the body are made up of small cell groups. The small islands of Langerhans cells in the pancreas are one of those. These small islands of cells produce insulin. Without Insulin production the individual will get diabetes.

The reason why these cells usually are better producers of the hormone in older age than the interstitial cells of the testes which are of similar size, may be that the hormone insulin stimulates growth of clones (E. Tjøtta, Arch Ges Virusforsch, 25: 363 – 364, 1968). Therefore, Insulin probably prevents specific clone inhibition of the Langerhans islands and an accumulation of this effect.

Beyond that, aging seems to affect small organs with limited cell numbers  first and irreversibly. The  postulated specific clone inhibitors may probably be the cause.

The reason why skin color of black peoples doesn’t become gray in old age is that all melanocytes of the skin are connected by offshoots and therefore  these cells are all knit together as in a great organ. Therefore, the assumed natural specific clone inhibitor has no effect on skin melanocytes.

The distance between each hair, however, is greater than the melanocytes in the hair roots are able to overcome. The number of melanocytes in each hair root is much lower than the total number of skin melanocytes and is, in contrast to skin melanocytes, probably  irreversibly inhibited after many years . Therefore, the hair color in old dark-skinned peoples may become gray in old age in contrast to the skin color that stays.

Ovaries contain follicles where eggs develop. Follicles decreases in number from about 266000 at birth to the critical number of 25000 at mid-life. Then involution occurs unexpectedly fast. It is assumed that both the relatively few cells in the follicles of the ovaries and the greater cell mosaic of the cells of women contribute to the involution. In addition, the reduction of the number of follicles itself will contribute to the accelerated involution.

Sperm is present in greater numbers than follicle and egg cells and will therefore probably have a greater ability to resist specific clone inhibitors than follicles.

The interstitial cell groups of the testicles are large during fetal life, small between birth and puberty and grow again at sexual maturation. Since sexual maturity also makes malignant tumors of brown moles possible, this may be signs among others of decrease of the activity of the assumed natural clone inhibitors after puberty.

Declining clone inhibition will also serve the development of the fetus that depends on normal growth of clones during the formation of organs.

Hormone production in the small groups of testicular interstitial cells will probably diminish in older age because of a possible accumulated and irreversible effect of the assumed natural and specific clone inhibitor. Such assumed accumulated and irreversible effect is also what probably affects gray hairs in old peoples.

Science consists not only of observations, but also of deductions that can be tested by new experiments. This is also the case here.